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英语七上语法(人教版全的七年级上册英语语法整理)

一、人教版最全的七年级上册英语语法整理

1.一般现在时:主语+do/does(现在分词) We clean the room every day.

一般现在时:do(n't)/does(n't)

2.一般过去时:主语+did We cleaned the room just now.

一般过去式:did(n't)+V.原

3.现在进行时:主语+am/is/are doing We are cleaning the room now.

现在进行时:am(not)/is(n't)/are(n't)+V.ing

4.过去进行时:was/were doing.We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.

过去进行时:was(n't)/were(n't)+V.ing

5.现在完成时: have/has done We have cleaned the room already.

现在完成时:have(n't)/has(n't)+过去分词(p.p.)

6.过去完成时: had done We had cleaned the room before he arrived.

过去完成时:had+p.p.

7.一般将来时: will do/ We will clean the room tomorrow.

一般将来时:will(not)+V.ing/ is(n't)/are(n't)+going to+V.原

8.过去将来时: was/were to/would do He said he would clean the room next

过去将来时:would(n't)/ was(n't)/were(n't)+V.原

动词不定式:to+V.ing

一、一般现在时:

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month...),once a week,on Sundays,etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:① am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词 do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时:

概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month...),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:① was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时:

概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc.

基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing

一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首

四、过去进行时:

概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构:was/were+doing

否定形式:was/were+not+doing

一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首

五、现在完成时:

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语:recently,lately,since...,for...,in the past few years,etc.

基本结构:have/has+done

否定形式:have/has+not+done

一般疑问句:have/has放于句首

六、过去完成时:

概念:以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

时间状语:before,by the end of last year(term,month...),etc.

基本结构:had+done

否定形式:had+not+done

一般疑问句:had放于句首

七、一般将来时:

概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year....),soon,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tomorrow,etc.

基本结构:①am/is/are/going to+do;②will/shall+do

否定形式:①am/is/are+not+going to+do;② will/shall+not+do

一般疑问句:①be放于句首;② will/shall提到句首

八、过去将来时:

概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语:the next day(morning,year...),the following month(week...),etc.

基本结构:①was/were/going to+do;② would/should+do

否定形式:①was/were/not+going to+do;②would/should+not+do

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首

take sb sth=take sth to sb

play sports=do sports

a lot of=lofs of

want+名词想要某物

当主语是人want to do sth想做某事

当主语是物want doing意思同上

12个月及说出生年月的顺序

go不能直接跟宾语(除了副词外,如:go home,go here,go there)

play直接加体育运动,不能直接加乐器,要加上a或the,如:play a guitar

介词后跟名词代词动名词

at+时间,如:at 7:00

主语+谓语+宾语(my name is lin)

一.词汇

⑴单词

1.介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of

1). in表示"在……中","在……内"。例如:

in our class在我们班上

in my bag在我的书包里

in the desk在桌子里

in the classroom在教室里

2). on表示"在……上"。例如:

on the wall在墙上

on the desk在桌子上

on the blackboard在黑板上

3). under表示"在……下"。例如:

under the tree在树下

under the chair在椅子下

under the bed在床下

4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如:

behind the door在门后

behind the tree在树后

5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:

near the teacher's desk在讲桌附近

near the bed在床附近

6). at表示"在……处"。例如:

at school在学校

at home在家

at the door在门口

7). of表示"……的"。例如:

a picture of our classroom我们教室的一幅画

a map of China一张中国地图

2.冠词 a/ an/ the:

冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple.

a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。

This is a cat.

这是一只猫。

It's an English book.

这是一本英语书。

His father is a worker.

他的爸爸是个工人。

the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。

Who's the boy in the hat?

戴帽子的男孩是谁呀?

------ What can you see in the classroom?

------ I can see a bag.

------ Where's the bag?

------ It's on the desk.

-------你能在教室里看到什么呀?

------我能看见一个书包。

------书包在哪呀?

------在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如:

There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。

Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。

②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如:

Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗?

Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗?

There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。

⑵记住它们的特殊用法。

①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中,这一点我们不久就会学到。例如:

Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗?

②any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:

Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。

some和any的用法是经常出现的考点,希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。

4.family

family看作为一个整体时,意思是"家庭",后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is;如把family看作为家庭成员时,应理解为复数,后面的谓语动词be应用are。

My family is a big family.我的家庭是个大家庭。

My family are all at home now.我的家人现在都在家。

Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋",侧重居住的建筑本身。

His family are all workers.他的家人都是工人。

My home is in Beijing.我的家在北京。

He isn't at home now.他现在不在家。

It's a picture of my family.这是一张我全家的照片。

5. little的用法

a little dog一只小狗,a little boy一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。

*但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",加不可数名词。

There is little time.几乎没时间了。

There is little water in the cup.杯中水很少。

⑵词组

on the desk在桌子上

behind the chair在椅子后

under the chair在椅子下面

in her pencil-box在她的铅笔盒中

near the door在门附近

a picture of a classroom一个教室的图片

look at the picture看这张图片

the teacher's desk讲桌

a map of China一张中国地图

family tree家谱

have a seat坐下,就坐

this way这边走

二.日常用语

1. Come and meet my family.

2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.

3. Glad to meet you.

4. What can you see in the picture?

I can see a clock/ some books.

5. Can you see an orange?

Yes, I can./ No, I can't.

6. Where's Shenzhen?

It's near Hong Kong.

7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。

see在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。例如:

8. Please have a seat.

seat表示"座位",是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以说take a seat,和sit down的意思相同。

三.语法

1.名词所有格

名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:

(1).一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如:

Kate's father Kate的爸爸

my mother's friend我妈妈的朋友

(2).如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"'"。例如:

Teachers' Day教师节

The boys' game男孩们的游戏

(3).如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"'s"。例如:

Children's Day儿童节

Women's Day妇女节

(4).表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:

Lucy and Lily's room Lucy和Lily的房间

Kate and Jim's father Kate和Jim的爸爸

动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。

a map of China一幅中国地图

the name of her cat她的猫的名字

a picture of my family我的家庭的一张照片

the door of the bedroom卧室的门

2.祈使句

祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。

(1).祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。

Go and see.去看看。

Come in, please.请进。

(2).祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。

Don't look at your books.不要看书。

Don't play on the road.不要在马路上玩。

3. There be的句子结构

There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,

肯定句的形式为:There be+名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。

There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。

(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式为:There be+ not+(any)+名词+地点状语。

There is not any cat in the room.房间里没猫。

There aren't any books on the desk.桌子上没书。

(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there+(any)+名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is/ are.否定回答:No, there isn't/ aren't.

---Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗?

---Yes, there is.有。

---Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗?

---No, there aren't.没有。

(3)特殊疑问句:How many... are there(+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be...

There's one./ There are two/ three/ some...

有时直接就用数字来回答。One./ Two...

---How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生?

---There's only one./ There are nine.只有一个。/有九个。

(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much+不可数名词+ is there+地点状语?

How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水?

How much food is there in the bowl?碗里有多少食物?

二、七年级上册英语语法大全

这篇关于七年级上册英语语法大全,是考网特地为大家整理的,希望对大家有所帮助!

1.动词be(is,am,are)的用法

我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。

2.this,that和it用法

(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。

(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:

This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处)

That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处)

(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this,后说that。如:

This is a pen. That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。

(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…,不说That is…。如:

This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。

(5)This is不能缩写,而That is可以缩写。如:

This is a bike. That’s a car.这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。

(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如:

—Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂,是格林小姐吗?

—Yes, this is. Who’s that?是的,我是,你是谁?

注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如:

①—Is this a notebook?这是笔记本吗?

—Yes, it is.是的,它是。

②—What’s that?那是什么?

—It’s a kite.是只风筝。

3.these和those用法

this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed.这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。

②These pictures are good.那些画很好。

③ Are those apple trees?那些是苹果树吗?

在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:

④Are these/those your apples?这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?

Yes, they are.是的,他们是。

4.名词+’s所有格

单数名词后直接加“’s”:

Jim’s coat吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈

以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”

Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书

不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“’s”

Children’s Day儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋

表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s

Lucy and Lily’s mother露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)

表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s

Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)

5.There be句型

(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:

There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:

There is a book on the desk.

有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:

On the desk there is a book.

(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:

Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:

①There is a tree behind the house.

②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).

③There are some pears in the box.

(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:

①There is a book and some pens on the floor.

②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

三、七年级上册英语的语法知识

一.代词(pron.)

第一人称单数第二人称

单数和复数第三人称单数(三单)第一人称复数第三人称复数

人称代词我你/你们他她它我们他们

主格 I you he she it we they

宾格 me you him her it us them

物主代词我的你的/你们的他的她的它的我们的他们的

形容词性 my your his her its our their

(一)翻译成英语:

1.我是¬¬¬¬¬_______________ 2.我父母¬¬¬¬¬________________ 3.跟我来_____________

4.你可以______________ 5.你的电话号码______________

6.谢谢你_____________ 7.他有________________ 8.他的姓氏_____________

9.听他说_____________ 10.她喜欢它。____________ 11.她全家照______________

12.帮助她____________ 13.它吃________________ 14.它名字______________

15.看见它____________ 16.我们想要____________

17.我们最喜爱的水果_____________________ 18.加入我们_________

19.他们唱歌___________ 20.他们旧电脑_______________21.画出它们__________

(二)选词填空:

1. What’s ________ name?(you/ your) _________ name is Bob.( My/ I/ me)

2. _________ erasers are in ________drawer.(her/ she/ Her/ She)

3. Can ________(you/ your) do _______(you/ your) homework?

4. ___________ is a cat. ________ name is Mimi.( it/ its/ It/ Its)

5. _________ brother can speak Japanese.(He’s/ His/ He)

6. Please take _________ keys to school. __________ are on the table.

( they/ their/ them/ They/ Their/ Them)

7. __________ is thirteen years old. __________ birthday is March 1st.(He/ His/ Him)

8. __________ favorite vegetable is tomato.(her/ she/ Her/ She)

9. Can you help ______?( we/ us/ our) Please take ______ to school.( they/ their/ them)

10. _________ can’t see _________baseball. It’s behind _________.( My/ I/ me/ my)

(三)完成句子:

1. A: What’s this/ that?

B: _________ is a dresser.

A: How do you spell _________, please?

B: D-R-E-S-S-E-R.

2. A: What are these/ those?

B: _________ are tomatoes.

3. A: Does Cindy like salad?

B: No, _________doesn’t.

4. A: How much are his shoes?

B: _________ are 100 dollars.

5. A: Is Alan your friend?

B: Yes, _________ is.

6. A: Do you have a soccer ball?

B: Yes, _________ do.

7. A: Who is that girl?

B: _________ is Jack’s sister.’

8. This is David and this is Tim. _________ are our friends. We often help _________.

9. Those are strawberries. Sally likes _________.

10. The pants are nice. I’ll take _________.

二.名词的格:

(1)有生命的东西的名词所有格:

a)单数后加’s如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt

b)以s结尾的复数名词后加’如: his friends’ bags

c)不以s结尾的复数后加’s children’s shoes

并列名词中,如果把’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有,如:

Tom and Mike’s car汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s

Tom’s and Mike’s cars汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of+名词”来表示所有关系:如:

a picture of the classroom a map of China

翻译:

1.汤姆的背包________________ 2.我朋友的生日聚会__________________

3.他们父母亲的房间____________ 4.她两个兄弟各自的电脑________________

5.戴维和保罗的两个家庭_________________________

6.露西和莉莉家的书橱_________________________

7.男士手表_______________ 8.一张吉姆家的全家照___________________

9.一幅中国地图_______________ 10.一本英语字典_________________________

三.冠词

1.种类:(1)不定冠词:a/ an a unit/ an uncle

元音开头的可数名词前用an:

an egg/ an apple/ an orange/ an eraser/ an answer/ an ID card/ an alarm clock/

an actor/ an actress/ an e-mail/ an address/ an event/ an example/ an opera/ an hour

an old man/ an interesting book/ an exciting sport/ an action movie/ an art lesson/

(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane

2.用法:

定冠词的用法:

(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.

(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.

(4)在序数词前: John’s birthday is February the second.

(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning/ afternoon/ evening

不用冠词的情况:

(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.

(2)名词前有定语:this, that, my, your, some, any, no等:

This is my baseball.

(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.

(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.

(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.

(6)球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.

*但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.

(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.

(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.

(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus

时态复习

一、一般现在时

1、Be动词的一般现在时

Be动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。它有三种形式:am, is, are

am跟在I后面, is跟单数主语,are跟复数主语及单数You后面。如:

I am a teacher.

My brother is at school.

Lucy and Lily are in Class One, Grade Two.

You are a good boy.

2、实义动词的一般现在时

一个动作经常反复地发生,就用一般现在时。第三人称单数(he, she, it, Tom等)作主语,谓语动词要加″s″或″es″,这种动词形式简称为单三动,记住:单三人称单三动,其它人称用原型。如:

They get up at six o’clock.

He goes to school at seven- thirty.

附:动词第三人称单数的构成规则

1)一般情况下加s get—gets like---likes

2)以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es: watch---watches go---goes do---does

3)以辅音字母加y结尾的,改y为i,加es carry---carries

特殊: have---has

二、情态动词can

情态动词(can, may, must)后动词用原形。如:

I can play the guitar. He can play the violin.

三、几个动词的用法:

1、 let后用动词原形 Let’s play soccer.

2、 like及介词后动词用ing形式,如:be good at swimming, help kids with singing,

like playing basketball, What about playing tennis?

3、 want加 to再加原形

4、 help+人+动词原形 help+人+with sth/doing sth.

句型复习

Ⅰ句型结构

1、肯定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+…

主语+can+动词原形+…

行为动词原形

主语++其他…

行为动词三单形式

2、否定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+…

主语+can’t+动词原形+…

主语+don’t(doesn’t)+动词原形+…

3、一般问句〈1〉be(am/is/are)+主语+…?

Yes,+主语+ be No,+主语+be not.

〈2〉Can+主语+动词原形+…?

Yes,主语+can No,主语+can’t

〈3〉Do/Does+主语+动词原形+…?

Yes,主语+do/does No,主语+don’t/doesn’t

4、特殊疑问句:

〈1〉疑问词+be+主语+…?

主语+be+…

〈2〉疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+…?

主语+can+动词原形…

〈3〉疑问句+do(does)+主语+动词原形+…?

动词原形

主语++…

动词三单形式

〈4〉疑问句:who/how/how old/how much/where/when/why/what/what/

what kind of…what time/what subject

II、写出下列动词的三单形式:

take be like play swim run do go watch wish

think eat have want study help learn teach start

III、将下列句子改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答:

1、My name’s Bob.

2、I’m his uncle.

3、Our shirts are too long.

4、My friend gets up at five o’clock.

5、Lucy and Lily like sports.

6、Jerry’s teacher can play chess.

7、Alicia is my aunt.

8、She wants to see Beijing Opera.

IV、划出每句中正确的词:

1、(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa? 2、(Where/What)are your baseball?

3、(Do/Does)Mary have a clock? 4、(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?

5、(Is/Can)she play the violin? 6、I(don’t/doesn’t)like hamburgers.

7、Why does Alice(likes/like)music?8、Who(am/is) your father?

9、(What/What’s) her favorite subject?10、How much(are/is) her socks?

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